USA is using in average 79% of fossil fuel to generate electricity. The Total Efficiency of EV is a sum of three components: Efficiency of the Refinery producing Fuel for the Power plant plus the efficiency of the Electrical Greed plus the EV batteries, drivetrain with the motor and wheels.
TOTAL EFFICIENCY CALCULATION OF EV in mechanical engineering is done by “SYSTEM OF MULTIPLE COMPONENTS” : 1)Efficiency of power plants are n=0.4 (40%) in USA 2) Efficiency loss of electrical transmission thru’ the electrical grid are 6 % or efficiency factor is n=94; 3) Efficiency loss of electrical car battery is 10% loss when is charged. Charging efficiency n= 0.9;
4) Efficiency loss of an electrical car battery when discharged is 10% or efficiency factor is n= 0.9;
5) Efficiency loss of an electrical battery when temperature falls below -20c is n=0.60-0.65 for a 5 years old battery. For calculation we will take n= 0.85 (not everywhere is winter.)
6) Efficiency loss of 15% of electrical power for heating up the car or cooling off (air-condition/heater) efficiency factor is n=0.85
7) Mechanical efficiency: transmission (not so complicated as at mechanical car) and all other moving parts including the wheels are only n=0.90;
8) Finally efficiency of an EV electrical motor is n= 0.90 (.80 -.94) ref #6
9) Battery efficiency for 5-6 years old battery is n=0.85 (Battery life is about 10 -12 years). In all published work EV testing provided with a new battery? (5-6 years old battery with 70000 mi should be used!) 12 years is average lifespan of the car in United States.
10) EV “Charging invertor’’ from AC to DC has n=0.95 efficiency factor.
Ref#13 Battery degradation results for our base EV and AEV for the composite... | Download Scientific Diagram (researchgate.net)
12-14 metric ton of the CO2 emission as result of manufacturing the lithium-ion batteries. It adds 20% of CO2 to the EV. It could be counted as an energy loss. We can add 20% to 79% =100% of fossil fuel!
NOW WE CAN CALCULATE THE TOTAL EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRICAL CAR, BASED ON OIL POWER PLANT GENERATION. Total efficiency in my study is calculated by using a widely used method in engineering, which is the system of multiple components, it does not include money, politics, competition, taxes and incentives for buying a new EV. 0.40 x 0.94 x 0.9 x 0.9 x 0.85 x 0.85 x 0. 90 x 0.90 x 0.85 x 0.95= 0.16 in most of the studies the EV efficiency is calculated for the range between 0 to 100 km/h when only in very few studies you may find the additional energy of 40% will require reaching speed of 140km/h or 25% more than gas-powered car. That means that EV efficiency on higher speed will drop even farther down. Using the same approach but for a brand new EV at ideal conditions without using A/C or heater efficiency may reach 0.25 or even 0.60 when using100% renewable energy. Those unreasonable numbers are widely used by the officials in media to mislead the public.
This analysis appears to substantially over-inflate the energy efficiency of electric vehicles by assuming that electricity is supplied to the power distribution grid at 100% efficiency. In reality, electric generation efficiency - primary fuel to electricity at the power plant - is significantly less than 60% (with additional distribution losses).
It also ignores a much more significant long term hurdle with large scale conversion to EVs - the massive amount of $$$, human capital, natural resources, and time required to build the electric generation and distribution infrastructure to replace the millions of barrels per day of gasoline and diesel that currently power ICE vehicles.
USA is using in average 79% of fossil fuel to generate electricity. The Total Efficiency of EV is a sum of three components: Efficiency of the Refinery producing Fuel for the Power plant plus the efficiency of the Electrical Greed plus the EV batteries, drivetrain with the motor and wheels.
TOTAL EFFICIENCY CALCULATION OF EV in mechanical engineering is done by “SYSTEM OF MULTIPLE COMPONENTS” : 1)Efficiency of power plants are n=0.4 (40%) in USA 2) Efficiency loss of electrical transmission thru’ the electrical grid are 6 % or efficiency factor is n=94; 3) Efficiency loss of electrical car battery is 10% loss when is charged. Charging efficiency n= 0.9;
4) Efficiency loss of an electrical car battery when discharged is 10% or efficiency factor is n= 0.9;
5) Efficiency loss of an electrical battery when temperature falls below -20c is n=0.60-0.65 for a 5 years old battery. For calculation we will take n= 0.85 (not everywhere is winter.)
6) Efficiency loss of 15% of electrical power for heating up the car or cooling off (air-condition/heater) efficiency factor is n=0.85
7) Mechanical efficiency: transmission (not so complicated as at mechanical car) and all other moving parts including the wheels are only n=0.90;
8) Finally efficiency of an EV electrical motor is n= 0.90 (.80 -.94) ref #6
9) Battery efficiency for 5-6 years old battery is n=0.85 (Battery life is about 10 -12 years). In all published work EV testing provided with a new battery? (5-6 years old battery with 70000 mi should be used!) 12 years is average lifespan of the car in United States.
10) EV “Charging invertor’’ from AC to DC has n=0.95 efficiency factor.
Ref#13 Battery degradation results for our base EV and AEV for the composite... | Download Scientific Diagram (researchgate.net)
12-14 metric ton of the CO2 emission as result of manufacturing the lithium-ion batteries. It adds 20% of CO2 to the EV. It could be counted as an energy loss. We can add 20% to 79% =100% of fossil fuel!
NOW WE CAN CALCULATE THE TOTAL EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRICAL CAR, BASED ON OIL POWER PLANT GENERATION. Total efficiency in my study is calculated by using a widely used method in engineering, which is the system of multiple components, it does not include money, politics, competition, taxes and incentives for buying a new EV. 0.40 x 0.94 x 0.9 x 0.9 x 0.85 x 0.85 x 0. 90 x 0.90 x 0.85 x 0.95= 0.16 in most of the studies the EV efficiency is calculated for the range between 0 to 100 km/h when only in very few studies you may find the additional energy of 40% will require reaching speed of 140km/h or 25% more than gas-powered car. That means that EV efficiency on higher speed will drop even farther down. Using the same approach but for a brand new EV at ideal conditions without using A/C or heater efficiency may reach 0.25 or even 0.60 when using100% renewable energy. Those unreasonable numbers are widely used by the officials in media to mislead the public.
This analysis appears to substantially over-inflate the energy efficiency of electric vehicles by assuming that electricity is supplied to the power distribution grid at 100% efficiency. In reality, electric generation efficiency - primary fuel to electricity at the power plant - is significantly less than 60% (with additional distribution losses).
It also ignores a much more significant long term hurdle with large scale conversion to EVs - the massive amount of $$$, human capital, natural resources, and time required to build the electric generation and distribution infrastructure to replace the millions of barrels per day of gasoline and diesel that currently power ICE vehicles.
Where does the electricity come from that the electro motor uses?
That right it comes from power plants that are less efficient than ice car engines.
And most commonly coals are used because it’s cheap.
So stop telling the lie that EVs are zero emissions and because electricity is cheaper than gas doesn’t mean it’s cleaner.